失われたカラバッジョ絵画、スペインで初公開 危うく安値で売却

【マドリードＡＦＰ＝時事】３年前に別の画家の作品として競売にかけられそうになったイタリア美術の巨匠カラバッジョの油彩画が２７日、スペイン・マドリードのプラド美術館で公開された。（写真はマドリードのプラド美術館で公開されたイタリアの巨匠カラバッジョの「Ｅｃｃｅ Ｈｏｍｏ（この人を見よ）」）
　公開されたのは、１６０５～０９年に制作された作品「Ｅｃｃｅ Ｈｏｍｏ（この人を見よ）」。十字架にはりつけられる直前のイエス・キリストを描いている。
　２０２１年にマドリードの競売会社が、１７世紀のスペイン人画家ホセ・デ・リベラの弟子の作品として最低入札価格１５００ユーロ（約２５万円）で競売に掛けようとしたが、直前にスペイン文化省がカラバッジョ作品の可能性があるとして開催を阻止した。
　今月に入りプラド美術館は、専門家の鑑定により「間違いなくカラバッジョの傑作」だと発表。「美術史上最大の発見の一つ」と称した。ルネサンス後期に活動したカラバッジョの作品はこれまでに約６０点しか知られていない。
　作品は修復され、一点展「失われたカラバッジョ」で初公開された。展示期間は９か月。
　専門家の調査によると、この絵画は１７世紀半ば、スペイン国王フェリペ４世の個人コレクションに加わり、次いで息子のカルロス２世の宮殿に飾られた。
　その後、王立サン・フェルナンド美術アカデミーに遺贈され、１８２３年に外交官で後に首相となるエバリスト・ペレス・デ・カストロの手に渡った。
　カストロが亡くなると子孫が相続したが、その後は２０２１年４月に確認されるまで約２世紀にわたり行方が分からなくなっていた。【翻訳編集ＡＦＰＢＢＮｅｗｓ】
〔ＡＦＰ＝時事〕（2024/05/28-20:14）

A painting by Italian master Caravaggio, once mistakenly thought to be by an unknown artist and nearly auctioned off for a song, was unveiled at Madrid's Prado Museum on Monday.
Painted between 1605-1609, the dark, atmospheric canvas depicts a bloodied Jesus wearing a crown of thorns, his hands tied, as he is presented to the crowd by the Roman governor Pontius Pilate just before his crucifixion.
Entitled Ecce Homo -- Latin for Behold the Man -- it is one of around only 60 known works by the Renaissance artist.
Three years ago, a Madrid auction house had been due to put the canvas under the hammer with an opening price of 1,500 euros ($1,800 at the time), mistakenly attributing it to an artist from the circle of 17th-century Spanish painter Jose de Ribera.
But just hours before the auction, the culture ministry blocked the sale on concerns it was actually painted by Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio, whose works are worth millions.
The last-minute intervention came after the Prado said it had sufficient documentary and stylistic evidence to suggest the canvas was a Caravaggio.
The artist, who lived a violent and chaotic life (1571-1610) pioneered the Baroque painting technique known as chiaroscuro, in which light and shadow are sharply contrasted.
Earlier this month, the museum said experts confirmed the painting was without doubt, a Caravaggio masterpiece, calling it one of the greatest discoveries in the history of art.
Now restored, the old master artwork went on display to the public for the first time Monday in a one-piece exhibition called The Lost Caravaggio. It will remain on display for nine months.
- 'Extremely important' -
The exhibition was made possible by the generosity of its new owner, who agreed to temporarily lend the work, the museum's director Miguel Falomir told a news conference on Monday, without revealing who it was.
The painting's emergence is extremely important for the history of art because there has been no new work by Caravaggio had been identified for more than 45 years, explained David Garcia Cueto, who is responsible for Italian paintings at the Prado.
Experts who have studied its history say this oil on canvas became part of the private collection of Spain's King Felipe IV in the mid-17th century before being put on display at the residence of his son, Charles II.
It was then bequeathed to the San Fernando Royal Academy of Fine Arts near Madrid's central Puerta del Sol before being passed on to Spanish diplomat and later premier Evaristo Perez de Castro in 1823.
When he died, it passed to his descendants, only to disappear from view for nearly two centuries until it resurfaced in April 2021.
Its reappearance stunned Caravaggio experts who were absolutely unanimous in their recognition of the painting's provenance, Cueto said.
All the Caravaggio specialists are in agreement which means we are certain that this is a painting by the great master of this period, he said.
- 'Clearly a Caravaggio' -
Art historians use various methods to determine the legitimacy of an artwork, including forensic examination of the canvas and paint to determine its age, the technology and styles of the era it was created in, and the techniques of the artist or their students.
One expert involved in the authentication process was Maria Cristina Terzaghi, an art history professor from Italy's Roma Tre University who said the canvas underwent radiographic techniques and a meticulous examination.
She flew into Madrid after the auction was halted, saying her examination left her in no doubt: It was clear it was a work by Caravaggio, she told AFP at the time.
For her, the evidence was ample: from the head of Christ to the glow of his torso, the colour of his cloak and the three-dimensional nature of the three figures, who are offset in a transition that is almost cinematic.
Spanish media reports said the owner was a British national living in Spain who had paid 36 million euros ($39 million) for the 400-year-old canvas.
The painting won't end up in the home of the buyer who wants to loan it to public art collections for now, Jorge Coll, head of London's Colnaghi art gallery which handled the sale, told El Pais daily.
But Prado director Falomir said its future was in the hands of its owner.
It is a privately-owned artwork so the owner will have the last word, he said.