高病原性鳥インフル、南極地域で初検出

【パリＡＦＰ＝時事】英国南極研究所（ＢＡＳ）は２３日、南極地域で渡り鳥の死骸から高病原性鳥インフルエンザ（ＨＰＡＩ）が初めて検出されたと明らかにした。ペンギンなど在来種への影響が懸念される。（写真は南米チリの空を飛ぶ鳥〈資料写真〉）
　ＢＡＳは、南極大陸の北に位置する英領サウスジョージア・サウスサンドイッチ諸島のバード島で、ミナミオオトウゾクカモメの死骸から検体を採取。英国に検査のため送った結果、陽性だったという。
　鳥インフルエンザの感染が拡大している南米から戻ってきた渡り鳥が、ウイルスを持ち込んだ可能性が高いとしている。
　鳥インフルエンザが専門のメルボルン大学のミシェル・ウィレ氏は、南極地域への感染拡大は「衝撃的な知らせ」だと述べた。
　同氏はＸ（旧ツイッター）に「状況は急速に変わる恐れがある」と投稿した。
　専門家らは、史上最悪の被害をもたらしているＨＰＡＩが、多くの鳥類の主要繁殖地となっている南極に到達するとの懸念を示していた。
　英国動植物衛生庁のウイルス部門責任者、イアン・ブラウン氏は先週、渡り鳥が南米から南極周辺の島々へ、それから南極大陸へウイルスを広げる恐れがあると警告した。
　ブラウン氏は報道陣に対し、ペンギンなど南極固有の鳥への影響が現実味を帯びる可能性があると指摘していた。【翻訳編集ＡＦＰＢＢＮｅｗｓ】
〔ＡＦＰ＝時事〕（2023/10/25-16:56）

Bird flu has been detected in the Antarctica region for the first time, according to British experts, raising concerns the deadly virus could pose a threat to penguins and other local species.
Scientists had been fearing that the worst outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) in history would reach Antarctica, a key breeding ground for many birds.
The British Antarctic Survey said its staff took samples from brown skua seabirds after they died on Bird Island in South Georgia, a British overseas territory east of South America's tip and north of Antarctica's main landmass.
The tests were sent to Britain and came back positive, the UK's polar research institute said in a statement on Monday.
The virus was most likely brought by birds returning from their migration to South America, where there has been a huge number of bird flu cases, it added.
Visitors to South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands are under enhanced biosecurity measures, and scientific field work involving birds there has been stopped, the statement said.
There have been regular bird flu outbreaks since the virus first emerged in 1996.
Since mid-2021, much larger outbreaks started to spread southward to previously untouched areas including South America, leading to mass deaths among wild birds and tens of millions of poultry being culled.
- 'Devastating news' -
Michelle Wille, a bird flu expert at the University of Melbourne, said the spread of bird flu to the Antarctica region was devastating news.
The situation could change rapidly, she wrote on X, formerly Twitter.
Ian Brown, virology head at the UK's Animal and Plant Health Agency, warned last week that there was a risk migrating birds could spread the virus from South America to the Antarctica islands and then onto the main landmass.
This could be a real concern for populations of birds such as penguins that are unique to Antarctica, he told journalists.
Birds such as penguins that have never before been exposed to the virus would have no prior immunity, potentially making them more vulnerable.
In better news, the Animal Plant Health Agency also said last week that preliminary research had confirmed that the populations of two seabirds -- northern gannets and shag -- had shown immunity to bird flu.
Humans rarely catch bird flu, but when they do it is usually via direct contact with infected birds.
Earlier this month, a two-year-old girl died from bird flu in Cambodia, the third death recorded in the country this year.
The virus has also been detected in a growing number of mammals, raising fears it could mutate into a version that is more transmissible between humans.