ブラジル先住民、ボートで大統領選投票へ

【マナウスＡＦＰ＝時事】ブラジルのアマゾン熱帯雨林でボートに乗った、頭にビーズ飾りを着けた先住民の一団。大統領選の有力候補、ルイス・イナシオ・ルラ・ダシルバ元大統領の「ルラ」の頭文字「Ｌ」を手で作ってみせた。（写真はブラジル・アマゾナス州で、ボートで大統領選の投票に向かう専従員カンベバの人々）
　先住民カンベバの人々は２日、多くのブラジル人と同様に大統領選の投票所となっている学校に出向いた。違うのは交通手段だけだ。
　先住民の文様があしらわれた白い服を着たライムンド・クルス・ダシルバ副首長（４２）は「民主主義を守るために闘うこと、先住民を尊重・尊敬してくれる人に投票することが重要だ」と述べた。
　マナウスから約６０キロ離れた先住民保護区にあるダシルバさんの村トレスウニドスから投票所まではボートで５分ほど。村人の多くと同様、ダシルバさんもルラ氏に投票するつもりだ。
　９０万人余りいるブラジルの先住民の多くは、ジャイル・ボルソナロ政権下の４年間は悲惨なものだったと考えている。
　極右のボルソナロ大統領は、特にアマゾン熱帯雨林の開拓を後押しするなど環境破壊を助長するとともに、先住民の土地での採鉱を推進した。
　２００３～１０年に大統領を務めた左派のルラ氏は、先住民と衝突することもあったが、任期中に森林伐採は劇的に削減された。
　今回の大統領選では、先住民問題を扱う省を創設し、森林伐採については二酸化炭素の排出量実質ゼロを目指すと公約に掲げている。【翻訳編集ＡＦＰＢＢＮｅｗｓ】
〔ＡＦＰ＝時事〕（2022/10/03-15:26）

In beaded headbands, a group of indigenous Brazilians is boating across a tributary of the Amazon river, flashing the same hand sign on their way to vote: L for Lula.
Like many Brazilians, the Kambeba people are voting in a school that has been turned into a polling station for Sunday's elections. Unlike most, they have to travel there by motor boat from their remote village in the rainforest.
As this sprawling South American country chooses its next president -- a polarizing battle between the two main candidates, leftist front-runner Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva and far-right incumbent Jair Bolsonaro -- the Kambeba say it is worth making the trip to participate.
It's important for indigenous peoples to fight for democracy, to vote for people who value and respect us, says Raimundo Cruz da Silva, a 42-year-old deputy Tuxaua, or chief, wearing a white outfit decorated with traditional indigenous designs.
Like many in his village, he is voting for Lula, after what many in Brazil's 900,000-strong indigenous population consider four disastrous years under Bolsonaro.
The far-right incumbent, who came to office vowing not to allow one more centimeter of land to be turned into protected indigenous reservations, has presided over a surge of environmental destruction, particularly in the Amazon rainforest, and pushed for native lands to be opened to mining.
Da Silva's village, Tres Unidos, is home to just over 100 people, situated in an indigenous reservation around 60 kilometers (40 miles) outside Manaus, the capital of the northern state of Amazonas.
The village where their polling station is, Sao Sebastiao, is outside the reservation, a five-minute boat ride across the river.
The four shuttle boats doing election duty ferry around 40 people at a time across the dark waters of the Rio Negro, through lush, emerald-green rainforest stretching as far as the eye can see.
- 'How to resist' -
Taynara da Costa Cruz, an 18-year-old student and artisan, is voting for the first time.
It's very important to vote -- even more so for us young people. We have to keep our eyes on the Amazon and indigenous peoples, she tells AFP, wearing a necklace and headband made of Amazonian seeds.
Leurilene Cruz da Silva, 38, Raimundo's sister, proudly flashes her voter ID as she arrives at the polling station.
We have to show we know how to resist, she says.
Lula, who led Brazil from 2003 to 2010, dramatically reduced deforestation during his two presidential terms -- though he also clashed with indigenous communities at times, notably over his decision to push ahead with the massive Belo Monte hydroelectric dam in Amazon.
This time around, the leftist veteran has promised to create a ministry of indigenous affairs and work to achieve net-zero deforestation.