ハンガリー夫婦の炊き出し、社会保障の隙間埋める

【ブダペストＡＦＰ＝時事】コロナ禍のハンガリーの首都ブダペストで失業し、脆弱（ぜいじゃく）な国の社会保障からもこぼれ落ちた人々が、一組の夫婦が始めた炊き出しに頼っている。（写真はハンガリー・ブダペストで、炊き出しの用意をするバンゴさん夫婦）
　支援に取り組むのは、ノルバート・バンゴさんと妻のビビアンさん。夫婦は昨年３月、新型コロナウイルス対策のロックダウン（都市封鎖）で経営していたレストランを閉店。その厨房（ちゅうぼう）を援助の拠点として使うことにした。以来、少なくとも週に１回、温かい食事を提供する他、調理油や小麦粉、果物などの基本食材を入れたバッグを配布している。
　夫婦は２年前、首都の夜の繁華街に店舗を購入。生演奏が楽しめる飲食店「キシュ・クラチ」を営んでいた。だが新型コロナ対策で街全体から観光客や地元客の足が遠のき、今では食事を求める人々が数百メートルにも及ぶ列をつくっている。【翻訳編集ＡＦＰＢＢＮｅｗｓ】
〔ＡＦＰ＝時事〕（2021/01/12-11:16）

Hungarian families stricken by unemployment due to the Covid crisis who have also fallen through the country's flimsy social security net say they have little option but to turn to a pop-up soup kitchen.
The help is a private initiative by Norbert Bango and his wife Vivien, who run a Budapest restaurant and decided to repurpose its kitchen as a relief centre after it was shuttered last March during the first coronavirus lockdown.
Since then, at least once a week the couple have been preparing and distributing hot meals as well as bags of essentials like cooking oil, flour and fruit.
We're the only restaurant in central Budapest doing this, Vivien, 35, told AFP while ladling stew from a steaming vat into hundreds of plastic bowls of noodles.
We gave up our Christmas break with our family as we couldn't sleep knowing people would go hungry, she said.
Located in Budapest's nightlife district, the Kis Kulacs (Little Flask) hosted popular live music sessions after the couple bought it two years ago.
But since the coronavirus measures emptied the city of tourists and customers, it now plays host to a queue of people desperate for food, regularly stretching for hundreds of metres.
When we started, so many families with children came that I said whatever happens I have to keep going to try to help them, Norbert, 48, told AFP.
Many in the queue said they had lost their jobs due to the pandemic.
I'm one of 50 let go this year from my former workplace, Cecilia Jakab, a 37-year-old office cleaner and single mother of three, told AFP.
We can't pay our bills anymore but since Norbi and Vivi started this at least my children can be fed, she said.
- 'Work-based society' ?
The virus caused a recession, which is estimated to have shrunk the economy by over six percent last year, and the loss of several hundred thousand jobs during the first lockdown in springtime.
However, many unemployed people are not officially registered as such and government data in November showed only a slight rise in unemployment in comparison to the previous year, to around 4.5 percent.
In addition, the EU member has one of the least generous social security nets in the bloc, with meagre unemployment monthly payments capped at 130 percent of the minimum wage, which stands at around 500 euros ($613).
Payments are also limited to three months, one of the shortest periods in the EU.
According to the National Employment Service agency, half of all registered job-seekers nationwide -- around 140,000 in December -- were not entitled to receive state support.
We don't get any kind of social aid now, so many people end up here, said Andras Mezo, 47, a restaurant cook, jobless since March, who has been regularly joining the meals queue.
I was officially registered by my employer for only a few hours' work so I got less than the minimum wage in unemployment benefits and just for a few months, said Gabriella, 65, a laid-off dishwasher who did not want her full name published.
Prime Minister Viktor Orban promotes what he calls a 'work-based society' and opposes the welfare state in any form, political economist Zoltan Pogatsa told AFP.
He thinks that nobody should get 'unearned' income, even if people have paid in social security payments while they worked, he said.
He also fears that if people start getting support during the crisis that people will continue to demand it afterwards, he added.
A report Wednesday by the GKI economic think tank said Hungary's coronavirus economic rescue package could have saved many more jobs with a more extensive furlough programme like the one in neighbouring Austria.
Aside from limited wage subsidies in certain sectors like tourism, the government response has focused on loan, tax and social insurance payment freezes and supporting prestige investments like a new athletics stadium which GKI said have nothing to do with protecting the real economy.
- 'Misery on the ground' -
According to Norbert Bango, neither the state nor the local district municipality has helped him provide the tens of thousands of meals and food bags he has handed out since March.
Only the private sector helps, civilians wire money and bring basic foodstuffs, Norbert told AFP.
District municipalities meanwhile, many run by the opposition since local elections in 2019, have complained that Orban has stripped them of tax revenues that help them support social services like emergency food provision.
Neither the government press office nor the municipality where the Kis Kulacs is located replied to questions sent by AFP.
The authorities don't want to acknowledge this misery on the ground I think, said Zoltan Swanda, 44, a volunteer at the Kis Kulacs, who stewards the queue.