地球温暖化で「大きなうそ」　国連総長、石油大手を批判

【ダボス（スイス）ＡＦＰ＝時事】国連のアントニオ・グテレス事務総長は１８日、米石油大手エクソンモービルが地球温暖化で果たしている役割で「大きなうそ」を広めていると批判し、責任を問うべきだと訴えた。（写真は、ダボスで演説するグテレス氏）
　グテレス氏は、スイス・ダボスで開かれている世界経済フォーラム（ＷＥＦ）で、「大手石油企業の中には大きなうそを広めている人物がいる」と述べた。１週間前には、エクソンモービルの科学者が「ショッキングなほど正確に」地球温暖化を予測していたとの研究結果が公表されていた。
　グテレス氏はこの中で、「特定の化石燃料生産者は、中心的な商品が地球を熱していることを１９７０年代に全面的に認識していたことを、先週知った」と語った。その上で、たばこ産業が健康問題で責任を問われたのと同様、石油企業の責任を問う必要があるとの考えを示した。
　米科学誌サイエンスは先週、エクソンモービルの科学者がモデリング研究により正確に地球温暖化を予測していたとの研究報告を掲載した。同社は、地中温暖化の可能性を認識した後も気候に関する科学を否定し続けたという。
　エクソンモービルの広報担当者は、サイエンス誌の研究報告に関して、ここ数年何回かこの問題が提起されているが、自社の答えは常に「『エクソンは知っていた』と語る人たちの結論は間違っている」というものだと説明した。【翻訳編集ＡＦＰＢＢＮｅｗｓ】
〔ＡＦＰ＝時事〕（2023/01/19-15:27）

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres skewered oil firms on Wednesday for having peddled the big lie about their role in global warming, telling the World Economic Forum that they should be held accountable.
Addressing a room full of the world's business and political elite, Guterres drew a parallel between the actions of oil companies and those of tobacco companies that have been hit by huge lawsuits over the adverse effects of cigarettes.
We learned last week that certain fossil fuel producers were fully aware in the 1970s that their core product was baking our planet, Guterres said.
He was referring to a study published in the journal Science that said ExxonMobil had dismissed the findings of its own scientists on the role of fossil fuels in climate change.
Just like the tobacco industry, they rode roughshod over their own science, Guterres said, referring to lawsuits that determined cigarette companies had hidden the dangers of their products.
Some in Big Oil peddled the big lie. And like the tobacco industry, those responsible must be held to account, he said.
In 1998, US states won a landmark settlement against tobacco companies worth $246 billion aimed at recovering the costs of treating smokers from the harmful effects of cigarettes.
The study on ExxonMobil found that the firm's scientists had modelled and predicted global warming with shocking accuracy, only for the company to spend the next couple of decades denying that very climate science.
ExxonMobil is the target of a number of lawsuits in the United States.
Asked about the Science report, an ExxonMobil spokesman said last week that the issue had come up several times in recent years and in each case the company's answer was that those who talk about how 'Exxon Knew' are wrong in their conclusions.
- 'Roadblocking progress' -
In his speech, Guterres urged the world to end the addiction to fossil fuels and warned that the aspirational goal of limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit) from pre-industrial levels was going up in smoke.
Fossil fuel producers and their enablers are still racing to expand production, knowing full well that this business model is inconsistent with human survival, he said.
This insanity belongs in science-fiction, yet we know the ecosystem meltdown is cold, hard scientific fact, Guterres added.
Asked if oil firms should be held accountable like tobacco firms, US climate envoy John Kerry told AFP he was not looking right now for similarities or differences.
The first thing I would like to see right now is for the oil and gas companies to be joining with other critical companies, many of them here who are working diligently to try to address the climate crisis, he said.
We need oil and gas companies at the table to help do that, Kerry added.
But former US vice president Al Gore, a Nobel peace prize winner for his work on climate change, praised Guterres' speech.
Every piece of pro-climate legislation at the national level, regional level, the local level, municipal level, the oil and gas industry and the coal industry come in and fight it tooth and nail, he told a panel.
They use their legacy network of political influence and wealth to stop progress, he said.
Sweden's Greta Thunberg and other young climate activists launched an online petition this week demanding that energy firms immediately stop opening any new oil, gas or coal extraction sites, warning that citizens would consider taking legal action to hold them accountable.
- 'Credible' net-zero pledges -
Guterres also called on business leaders to provide by the end of the year credible and transparent plans on how to achieve net-zero emissions.
He urged them to act based on recommendations published by UN experts at the UN climate summit in Egypt in November, which said firms could not claim to be net-zero if they invested in new fossil fuels, caused deforestation or offset emissions with carbon credits instead of reducing them.
Guterres also noted that the benchmarks and criteria in corporate pledges are often dubious or murky, which can mislead consumers, investors and regulators with false narratives.
It feeds a culture of climate misinformation and confusion. And leaves the door open to greenwashing, he said.