世界の糖尿病人口の割合、３０数年で倍増 研究論文

【パリＡＦＰ＝時事】世界の成人の糖尿病患者の割合は過去３０数年で倍増し、特に途上国での増加が著しいとする論文が１４日、英医学誌ランセットに掲載された。（写真は資料写真）
　英インペリアル・カレッジ・ロンドンの研究者らによると、成人糖尿病患者は１９９０年には全成人のうち７％だったが、２０２２年には約１４％となった。
　研究チームは、世界人口の増加を考慮すると、１９９０年には２億人足らずだった糖尿病患者が現在は８億人以上に達していると推定する。
　症例の多い「１型糖尿病」と「２型糖尿病」は、ともに統計の対象。１型糖尿病は若いうちに発症することが多く、インスリン療法が必須とされる。２型糖尿病はインスリンの感受性が低下する中高年に多い。
　研究では、先進国と途上国の格差も明らかになった。
　日本やカナダ、フランスやデンマークなどの一部の富裕国では、糖尿病の発症率は横ばいか、または減少していた。
　一方で、「糖尿病患者および未治療者の割合は、低・中所得国で多くを占めるようになってきている」ことが指摘された。【翻訳編集ＡＦＰＢＢＮｅｗｓ】

〔ＡＦＰ＝時事〕（2024/11/14-20:29）

The percentage of adults suffering from diabetes across the world has doubled over the past three decades, the biggest rises coming in developing countries, a study said Wednesday.
The serious health condition affected around 14 percent of all adults worldwide in 2022, compared to seven percent in 1990, according to the new analysis in The Lancet journal.
Taking into account the growing global population, the team of researchers estimated that more than 800 million people are now diabetic, compared to less than 200 million in 1990.
These figures include both main types of diabetes. Type 1 affects patients from a young age and is more difficult to treat because it is caused by an insulin deficiency.
Type 2 mainly affects middle-aged or older people who lose their sensitivity to insulin.
Behind the global numbers, national figures varied widely.
The rate of diabetes stayed the same or even fell in some wealthier countries, such as Japan, Canada or Western European nations such as France and Denmark, the study said.
The burden of diabetes and untreated diabetes is increasingly borne by low-income and middle-income countries, it added.
For example, nearly a third of women in Pakistan are now diabetic, compared to less than a tenth in 1990.
The researchers emphasised that obesity is an important driver of type 2 diabetes -- as is an unhealthy diet.
The gap between how diabetes is treated in richer and poorer countries is also widening.
Three out of five people aged over 30 with diabetes -- 445 million adults -- did not receive treatment for diabetes in 2022, the researchers estimated.
India alone was home to almost a third of that number.
In sub-Saharan Africa, only five to 10 percent of adults with diabetes received treatment in 2022.
Some developing countries such as Mexico are doing well in treating their population -- but overall the global gap is widening, they said.
This is especially concerning as people with diabetes tend to be younger in low-income countries and, in the absence of effective treatment, are at risk of life-long complications, said senior study author Majid Ezzati of Imperial College London.
Those complications include amputation, heart disease, kidney damage or vision loss -- or in some cases, premature death, he said in a statement.