豪グレートバリアリーフ、エルニーニョ現象の影響で再び白化現象の恐れ

【シドニーＡＦＰ＝時事】オーストラリア海洋科学研究所（ＡＩＭＳ）は９日、同国のサンゴ礁「グレートバリアリーフ」で年内にも、エルニーニョ現象による海水温の上昇で、新たに白化現象が起きる可能性があると警告した。（写真はオーストラリア・クイーンズランド州沖のサンゴ礁「グレートバリアリーフ」〈資料写真〉）
　グレートバリアリーフは、２０２２年に再び白化現象が起きるまで、一部で回復の兆しが見えていた。
　ＡＩＭＳの研究責任者、デービッド・ウオッチフェルド氏は、「気候変動により白化現象の頻度が増え、被害が深刻化しており、リスクが増えている」と指摘した。
　豪気象当局は、今後数週間で全国的にエルニーニョ現象が発生すると予想している。これにより太平洋の海水温が上昇し、サンゴ礁で再び白化現象が起きる恐れがある。
　世界では今年４月以降、平均海面水温が続々と更新されている。
　グレートバリアリーフの白化現象に初めて警鐘が鳴らされたのは１０年で、その後１６年、１７年、２０年、２２年に海洋熱波の影響による白化現象が確認されている。【翻訳編集ＡＦＰＢＢＮｅｗｓ】
〔ＡＦＰ＝時事〕（2023/08/10-17:29）

Australia's Great Barrier Reef could deteriorate if warming ocean temperatures spark another mass coral bleaching event later this year, the country's top marine science body said Wednesday.
Sections of the reef had been showing promising signs of recovery until a bleaching event in 2022 turned swathes of the vibrant coral a sickly, pale white.
The Australian Institute of Marine Science said that, although the reef's condition had stabilised during a relatively mild summer in 2023, it remained in a precarious position.
Institute research director David Wachenfeld said the reef was at increased risk with climate change driving more frequent and severe bleaching events.
Australia's weather bureau has said it is likely an El Nino weather pattern will develop over the country in the coming weeks, bringing warmer ocean temperatures to the Pacific -- and the renewed risk of coral bleaching.
Globally, the average ocean temperature has been topping seasonal heat records on a regular basis since April.
Wachenfeld said the reef was only one large-scale disturbance away from a rapid reversal of recent recovery.
Australia was given a brief reprieve earlier this year when a team of United Nations experts left the fading wonder off a list of heritage sites considered in danger.
The reef is one of Australia's premier tourist drawcards and putting it on the in-danger list could substantially tarnish its allure for international visitors.
World heritage body UNESCO considered listing the reef after a damning report in 2021 but held off following intense lobbying from Australia's previous conservative government.
Instead, UNESCO has set up a monitoring mission within Australia to assess the impact of pollution, fishing, climate change and coral bleaching.
It first raised the alarm about the reef's deterioration in 2010.
Marine heatwaves have caused mass coral bleaching on the Great Barrier Reef in 2016, 2017, 2020 and 2022.
Researcher Mike Emslie said even the most minor bleaching event was enough to put the brakes on the reef's recovery.
This means the reef is still at risk of decline from more frequent disturbances, he said.