スイス国民投票、たばこ広告ほぼ全面禁止案を可決

【ジュネーブＡＦＰ＝時事】スイスで１３日、たばこ広告を事実上ほぼ全面禁止する規制強化案の是非を問う国民投票が行われ、約５７％の賛成で可決された。（写真は資料写真）
　スイスはたばこ広告規制で他の先進国に大きく遅れている。背景には、日本たばこ産業（ＪＴ）やブリティッシュ・アメリカン・タバコ（ＢＡＴ）、フィリップ・モリス・インターナショナル（ＰＭＩ）など世界のたばこ大手がスイスに本社を置き、大規模なロビー活動を展開していることがあるとみられている。
　スイス政府や議会は、広告規制強化案は行き過ぎだとして反対していた。
　右派・自由民主党のフィリップ・バウアー議員は、「きょうはたばこについて議論しているが、すぐにアルコールや肉の話になるだろう」と警告し、「何でもかんでも規制しなければ気が済まないポリティカルコレクトネスの独裁」だと非難した。
　たばこ大手もこの懸念を共有しており、規制強化反対キャンペーンに資金援助を行ってきた。ＰＭＩの広報担当者は、個人の自由に関する限り「滑りやすい坂道」を下っているようなものだと語った。
　１３日には、動物実験の全面禁止の是非を問う国民投票も行われたが、８０％近い反対で否決された。この法案については全政党、議会、政府が、行き過ぎで医学研究に悪影響を及ぼすとして反対していた。
　また、広告収入の減少で苦境にある報道機関への政府補助金を増額する法案についても、５５％以上が反対し、否決された。【翻訳編集ＡＦＰＢＢＮｅｗｓ】

〔ＡＦＰ＝時事〕（2022/02/15-11:10）

The Swiss head to the polls Sunday to decide whether to ban almost all advertising of tobacco products and separately on a blanket ban on all animal testing.
In-person voting on those and other topics will begin at 10:00 am (0900 GMT) as part of Switzerland's direct democracy system, although most people vote in advance by post.
Recent polls indicate that the initiative to tighten Switzerland's notoriously lax tobacco laws by banning all advertising of the health-hazardous products wherever minors might see it -- effectively all settings -- is the most likely to pass.
Switzerland lags far behind most wealthy nations in restricting tobacco advertising -- a situation widely blamed on hefty lobbying by some of the world's biggest tobacco companies headquartered in the country.
Currently, most tobacco advertising remains legal at a national level, except on television and radio, or ads that specifically target minors.
Some Swiss cantons have introduced stricter regional legislation and a new national law is pending, but campaigners gathered enough signatures to spur a vote towards a significantly tighter country-wide law.
- 'Extreme' -
Opponents of the initiative, which include the Swiss government and parliament, say it goes too far.
Philip Morris International (PMI), the world's largest tobacco company, which, like British American Tobacco and Japan Tobacco, is headquartered in Switzerland and which has helped fund the No campaign, described the initiative as extreme.
This is a slippery slope as far as individual freedom is concerned, a spokesman for PMI's Swiss section told AFP, warning that it paves the way for further advertising bans on products such as alcohol or sugar.
Jean-Paul Humair, who heads a Geneva addiction prevention centre and serves as a spokesman for the Yes campaign, flatly rejected that comparison.
There is no other consumer product that kills half of all users, he told AFP.
Campaigners claim lax advertising laws have stymied efforts to bring down smoking rates in the Alpine nation of 8.6 million people, where more than a quarter of adults consume tobacco products. There are around 9,500 tobacco-linked deaths each year.
The latest gfs.bern poll hinted that 63 percent of voters favoured the tobacco advertising ban, but it will also need backing from a majority of Switzerland's 26 cantons to pass.
- Animal testing -
There is meanwhile little chance that a bid to ban all animal and human testing will go through, with only a quarter of those questioned in the latest survey backing the move.
All political parties, parliament and the government oppose it, warning it goes too far and would have dire consequences for medical research.
Switzerland has since 1985 rejected three similar initiatives by large margins.
Researchers insist medical progress is impossible without experimentation, and even the Swiss Animal Protection group has warned against the initiative's radical demands.
Swiss authorities insist the country already has among the world's strictest laws regulating animal testing.
As the laws have tightened, the number of animals used has fallen sharply in recent decades, from nearly two million per year in the early 1980s to around 560,000 today.
In another animal-themed vote, inhabitants in the northern Basel-Stadt canton will on Sunday decide whether non-human primates should be granted some of the same basic fundamental rights as their human cousins.
Among the other issues on Sunday's slate, there will also be a national referendum on a new law aimed at providing additional state funding to media companies, which have seen their advertising revenues evaporate in recent years.
The government argues the extra funding could secure the survival of many small, regional papers in peril, and also assist with their costly digital transition.
But the latest poll indicates a win for the No campaign, backed by rightwing parties, who charge the subsidy would mainly benefit large media groups and would be a waste of public funds.