共同親権法が成立　選択可、２６年にも開始

　離婚後も父母双方が子の親権を持つ「共同親権」を導入する民法などの改正法が１７日の参院本会議で、自民、公明、立憲民主、日本維新の会、国民民主各党の賛成多数で可決、成立した。離婚後は父母どちらか一方の「単独親権」に限る現行制度を７７年ぶりに見直す。新制度は２０２６年までに始まる見通しだ。
　施行前に離婚が成立した人も、家庭裁判所に親権者変更の申し立てをして、認められれば共同親権に変更できる。
　新制度は、父母の協議で共同親権か単独親権かを選択可能とすることが柱。協議不調の場合、家裁が「子の利益」を考慮して、どちらにするかを決める。ＤＶ（家庭内暴力）や虐待の恐れがある場合、家裁は単独親権にしなければならない。（2024/05/17-13:18）

Japan's parliament enacted a bill to allow divorced parents to choose shared custody of their children on Friday, a move that will change the country's child custody system for the first time in 77 years.
   At a plenary session of the House of Councillors, the upper chamber of the Diet, the bill to amend the Civil Code and other laws involved was voted for by not only the ruling Liberal Democratic Party and its coalition partner, Komeito, but the leading opposition Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan, Nippon Ishin no Kai (Japan Innovation Party) and the Democratic Party for the People.
   The lower chamber already passed it last month.
   Currently, parental custody is granted to only one parent after divorce.
   But under the amended laws, expected to take effect by 2026, the parents will be able to choose between joint or sole custody after holding discussions. In case that the talks fail, a family court will make a decision based on children's interests. The court must choose sole custody if there is a risk of domestic violence or abuse.