世界の約５億人、十分な仕事に就けず　ＩＬＯ報告

【ジュネーブＡＦＰ＝時事】国連の国際労働機関（ILO）は20日、雇用情勢に関する年次報告書を発表し、世界で4億7000万人以上が失業中か十分な職に就けていないと明らかにした。また、まともな仕事に就く機会を得られないことが社会不安の一因になると警告した。（写真は資料写真）
　ＩＬＯによると、世界の失業率は過去１０年間のほとんどで比較的横ばいで推移しており、昨年は５．４％だった。失業率は今後も大きく変化しないと予想されているが、減速気味の経済により、増加する人口に対する仕事の数が減って失業者が増加する恐れがある。
　年次報告書「世界の雇用および社会の見通し」の中でＩＬＯは、今年の失業者数が、昨年の１億８８００万人からさらに増えて１億９０５０万人に上ると予想している。
　同時にＩＬＯは、世界で約２億８５００万人が不十分な仕事に従事していると強調。不十分な仕事とは、希望する勤務時間より短い時間しか働くことができない、職探しを断念した、労働市場に参加する機会が少ないなどの状態を意味する。
　失業者と不十分な仕事に従事している人は合わせて５億人近くに上り、世界の労働者人口の１３％を占めるとＩＬＯは指摘している。【翻訳編集ＡＦＰＢＢＮｅｗｓ】
〔ＡＦＰ＝時事〕（2020/01/22-12:17）

More than 470 million people worldwide are currently unemployed or underemployed, the UN said on Monday, warning that a lack of access to decent jobs was contributing to social unrest.
The global unemployment rate has remained relatively stable over much of the past decade, according to the UN's International Labour Organization.
But while the rate -- which stood at 5.4 percent last year -- is not expected to change much, overall jobless numbers are likely to inch up as slowing economies reduce the number of jobs available to a growing population.
This year, the number of people registered as unemployed is expected to rise to 190.5 million up from 188 million in 2019, ILO said in its annual World Employment and Social Outlook report.
At the same time, the UN body stressed that some 285 million people worldwide are considered underemployed, meaning they either work less than they want to, have given up searching for work or otherwise lack access to the labour market.
That amounts to nearly half a billion people and represents a full 13 percent of the global labour force, the ILO pointed out.
- 'Extremely worrying' -
For millions of working people, it is becoming increasingly difficult I think to build better lives through work, ILO chief Guy Ryder told reporters in Geneva.
He warned that persisting and substantial work-related inequalities and exclusion were preventing many from finding decent work and thereby also creating better futures.
I think that this is an extremely worrying finding, he said, adding that lacking access to decent work appeared to be part of what was spurring growing protest movements and unrest around the world.
Labour market conditions are contributing to... this erosion of social cohesion in many of our societies, he said, referring to mass demonstrations in places like Lebanon and Chile.
According to the ILO's social unrest index, measuring the frequency of things like demonstrations and strikes, there was an increase both at the global level and in seven out of 11 subregions between 2009 and 2019.
The ILO report highlighted that more than 60 percent of the global workforce currently work in the informal economy, often toiling for substandard wages and lacking basic social protections.
And in 2019, more than 630 million people -- a fifth of the global working population -- lived in so-called working poverty, meaning they made less than $3.20 per day in purchasing power.
At the same time, the ILO report warned of significant income and job access inequality, driven by things like gender, age and geographic location.
In particular, it warned that a staggering 267 million young people between the ages of 15 and 24 are not in employment, education or training, while many more in this group endure substandard working conditions.
The study showed that the average share of national income going to pay wages and other labour costs shrank from 54 percent to 51 percent between 2004 and 2017.
And within the waged population, the gap between the highest earners and those at the bottom is extremely unequal, Ryder said.
The ILO report found that it took 11 years for the bottom 20 percent of wage earners to make the same amount as the top 20 percent make in a year.
The situation is worse than we previously thought, Ryder said.