仏パリ、サーカスでの野生動物利用を禁止　国に先駆け来年から施行

【パリＡＦＰ＝時事】フランスは欧州連合（EU）の複数の加盟国に続いてサーカスでの野生動物の利用を禁止するべきかどうかを検討しているが、それに先駆け、首都パリの市議会は15日、サーカスでの動物利用を違法とする独自の条例案を承認した。フランスでは今週、ショーに出演させられ何年も虐待されていたと思われるクマが死んだことで議論が再燃していた。（写真は資料写真）
　パリ市内では、市議会で１５日午後に承認された条例案により、２０２０年以降、サーカスで外来種の動物の利用が認められなくなる。サーカスの動物といえば、最も多いのはライオンだが、他にトラやゾウ、カバ、ヒヒ、サル、ヘビ、オウム、ラクダ、クマ、ダチョウ、シマウマなどがいる。
　世論調査によると、フランス人の圧倒的多数が外来種の動物を娯楽のために利用することに反対しており、複数の自治体では野生動物を出演させる巡回サーカスを禁止している。しかし、国家単位では禁止されておらず、国内では今でも多数の動物をおりに入れて飼育している複数のサーカス団体が活動している。国内のサーカスなどで飼われている動物の数について公式の統計は存在せず、仏動物愛護団体「ワンボイス」は５００匹近いとしているが、別の愛護団体「動物の倫理的扱いを求める人々の会」フランス支部は１０００匹以上とみている。
　ワンボイスのムリエル・アルナル代表はＡＦＰに対し、「世論の圧力により、（サーカスなどにいる）動物の数は激減した」とする一方、数百匹が今なお「非常に狭いおりに入れられてトラックに積まれ、ショーの本番か調教のために外に出されるが、そうした調教も非常に暴力的だ。動物たちが心穏やかに過ごせる状態はまったくない」と指摘した。【翻訳編集ＡＦＰＢＢＮｅｗｓ】
〔ＡＦＰ＝時事〕（2019/11/18-08:59）

While France mulls whether to join a majority of EU nations in banning wild animals in circuses, the capital Paris is pressing ahead with its own plan to outlaw the practice amid fresh concerns over cruelty.
A proposal set to be adopted by the municipal council late Friday will see permits withheld from 2020 for circuses that wish to operate in Paris while employing exotic creatures.
Polls show a vast majority of French people to be against the use of non-domestic animals for entertainment, and dozens of cities and towns have banned travelling circuses featuring wild beasts.
But there is no national ban and the country still has dozens of circuses confining hundreds of animals -- roughly 500 according to anti-circus campaigners One Voice, and more than double that according to rights group PETA France.
There are no official statistics.
Most circus animals are lions, but there are also tigers, elephants, two hippos, baboons, macaques, snakes and parrots, camels, bears, ostriches and even zebras.
The number of animals has decreased drastically due to public pressure, One Voice president Muriel Arnal told AFP.
But hundreds still live in tiny, tiny cages inside trucks. They have nowhere to hide, they are stressed, and also they have nothing to do. Then they are taken out for the show or for... training which is very violent... They are never at peace.
- 'Strong announcements' -
The controversy was revived this week when a performing bear called Mischa died at an animal refuge southwest of Paris, two months after he was rescued from owners who allegedly subjected him to years of ill treatment.
Mischa was allegedly kept in horrendous conditions with two other bears owned by an animal trainer couple, who displayed them at fairs and in restaurants.
Two years ago, a circus tigress named Mevy escaped from her enclosure to roam the streets of Paris where she was controversially shot dead in the name of public safety.
Circus elephants and camels have also escaped in France in the past.
In western Europe, 12 countries have a full, national ban on wild animals in circuses, and another 11 have partial, species-specific injunctions, according to a map compiled by One Voice.
Four European countries, including France, have only municipality-level bans, and two -- Lithuania and Luxembourg -- have none at all.
Worldwide, about 40 countries have fully or partially banned the practice.
The French government in April launched a working group to investigate the well-being of animals in circuses, zoos and dolphinariums. In May 2017, the French government banned the breeding in captivity of dolphins and killer whales.
And last Sunday, Environment Minister Elisabeth Borne promised further strong announcements in the coming weeks.
Paris, meanwhile, is following through on a plan announced in December 2017 to ban the use of wild animals in circuses, a step already taken by about 65 other French municipalities.
- 'Life not worth living' -
We will no longer give authorisation for the use of public space to any circus that presents shows featuring wild animals, Penelope Komites, a Paris councillor responsible for nature in the city, said ahead of Friday's council decision.
Any circus that agrees to give up its animals will get funding of about 50,000 euros ($55,000) over three years to help it adapt.
It's about time! said Amandine Sanvisens, president of animal rights group Paris Animaux Zoopolis.
Arnal added that for circus animals, It is not a life worth living.
They are not fed unless they perform. Then there is the beating... You cannot force a tiger to jump through fire unless they are afraid of something that is more frightening than fire.
A poll by Opinion Way last month found that about two-thirds of French people object to the use of wild animals in circuses, which only about 10 percent have visited in recent years.
But circus owners disagree: William Kerwich of the Cirque Royal defends the practice as a tradition and accused Paris of playing politics to get votes in the next municipal election.
Komites said the new measure cannot be enforced, for now, for two of France's biggest circus companies -- Bouglione and Gruss -- who have refused to sign up voluntarily.
The Bouglione group owns the property where it hosts the Cirque d'Hiver in Paris, unlike most other circuses which operate on public property.
The Gruss group, meanwhile, will have no choice to yield once its licence comes up for renewal.