１１億人が深刻な貧困状態　国連報告書

【国連本部ＡＦＰ＝時事】世界の１０億人以上が深刻な貧困状態にあり、その半数以上が子どもであることが分かった。国連開発計画（ＵＮＤＰ）が１７日、報告書を発表した。（写真は資料写真）
　オックスフォード貧困・人間開発イニシアチブ（ＯＰＨＩ）と共同で発表された報告書によると、戦争中の国々では貧困率が３倍高い。２０２３年は第２次世界大戦以降で最も紛争の多い年となった。
　ＵＮＤＰとＯＰＨＩは、１１２か国の合計６３億人のデータを収集し、１０年から毎年「多次元貧困指数（ＭＰＩ）」を発表している。
　この指数は、適切な住居、衛生設備、電力利用、調理燃料、栄養、就学率などの指標を使用している。
　２０２４年の状況についてＵＮＤＰの主任統計担当者は「１１億人が多次元貧困に苦しんでおり、そのうち４億５５００万人が紛争の影響下で生きている」と指摘した。
　報告書によると、１８歳未満の約５億８４００万人が極度の貧困に苦しんでいるとされ、これは世界の子どもの２７．９％に相当する。大人は１３．５％。
　また、多次元貧困層全体の８３．２％がサハラ以南のアフリカと南アジアに住んでいることも示された。
　最も多いのはインドで、人口１４億人のうち２億３４００万人。パキスタン、エチオピア、ナイジェリア、コンゴ民主共和国（旧ザイール）が続き、これら５か国で貧困層１１億人のほぼ半数を占める。【翻訳編集ＡＦＰＢＢＮｅｗｓ】
〔ＡＦＰ＝時事〕（2024/10/17-16:59）

More than one billion people are living in acute poverty across the globe, a UN Development Program report said Thursday, with children accounting for over half of those affected.
The paper published with the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) highlighted that poverty rates were three times higher in countries at war, as 2023 saw the most conflicts around the world since the Second World War.
The UNDP and the OPHI have published their Multidimensional Poverty Index annually since 2010, harvesting data from 112 countries with a combined population of 6.3 billion people.
It uses indicators such as a lack of adequate housing, sanitation, electricity, cooking fuel, nutrition and school attendance.
The 2024 MPI paints a sobering picture: 1.1 billion people endure multidimensional poverty, of which 455 million live in the shadow of conflict, said Yanchun Zhang, chief statistician at the UNDP.
For the poor in conflict-affected countries, the struggle for basic needs is a far harsher and more desperate battle, Zhang told AFP.
The report echoed last year's findings that 1.1 billion out of 6.1 billion people across 110 countries were facing extreme multidimensional poverty.
Thursday's paper showed that some 584 million people under 18 were experiencing extreme poverty, accounting for 27.9 percent of children worldwide, compared with 13.5 percent of adults.
It also showed that 83.2 percent of the world's poorest people live in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.
Sabina Alkire, director of the OPHI, told AFP that conflicts were hindering efforts for poverty reduction.
At some level, these findings are intuitive. But what shocked us was the sheer magnitude of people who are struggling to live a decent life and at the same time fearing for their safety ?- 455 million, she said.
This points to a stark but unavoidable challenge to the international community to both zero in on poverty reduction and foster peace, so that any ensuing peace actually endures, Alkire added.
India was the country with the largest number of people in extreme poverty, which impacts 234 million of its 1.4 billion population.
It was followed by Pakistan, Ethiopia, Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The five countries accounted for nearly half of the 1.1 billion poor people.