軍民技術「区別は困難」　転用めぐり、姿勢変化か―広範な観点主張・学術会議

　軍用にも民生にも利用可能な「デュアルユース」技術について、日本学術会議は２７日までに、先端科学技術は多様性が高いため「単純に二分することは困難で、潜在的な転用可能性で峻別（しゅんべつ）し、扱いを一律に判断することは現実的ではない」とする見解をまとめた。
　学術会議は２０１７年、軍事研究を行わないとの従来の立場を継承する声明を出し、研究成果が軍事転用されないよう「研究の入り口で慎重な判断が求められる」としていた。今回の見解は、これまでの姿勢を変化させたとも解釈できるが、学術会議は２７日の記者会見で、軍事研究そのものを認めたものではなく、従来の立場に変更はないと強調した。（2022/07/27-21:34）

The Science Council of Japan has expressed an opinion seeking to introduce a wider perspective in the management of dual-use technologies that can be applied for both military and civilian purposes.
   In the opinion, the representative organization of Japanese scholars and scientists said that it is difficult to simply classify cutting-edge science and technology into two categories and that it is not practical to make a uniform judgement on the handling of such technologies based on their potential for diversion to military applications.
   In a statement issued in 2017, the council vowed to maintain its existing position of not carrying out military research.
   "Contrary to the original intentions of scientists, research results may sometimes be diverted to military applications and for aggressive goals," the 2017 statement said, adding that "prudent judgment is required ...before actual research activities begin."
   Against this background, the latest opinion can be regarded as a change in the council's position on military research, pundits said.